The development trend of the new energy vehicle industry

The rapid popularization of cars has not only improved the lives of residents, but also produced problems such as energy and environmental protection. Global oil demand for transportation equipment accounts for about 60% of the total demand, in China, automobile oil demand accounts for about 35% of the total demand; and oil production is relatively concentrated, China and many developed countries need to reduce their dependence on oil for energy security, for example, crude oil dependence reaches 50%, and more than 60% of the crude oil consumption in the United States comes from imports.

      With the increasing shortage of global energy and the deterioration of ecological environment, the development and application of new energy vehicles has become the focus of active exploration of the automobile industry of various countries. The global automobile industry pattern is facing the fourth round of restructuring, and the automobile products will move towards the direction of safety, energy saving and environmental protection. The concept of "new energy vehicles" has also become the focus of the industry, and new energy vehicles have become the target of competitive research and development among all countries. Therefore, the world's major automobile producers and large automobile companies have increased the investment and application of energy-saving and new energy vehicles. With people's continuous exploration of new energy, new energy vehicles are emerging in the automotive field. From the perspective of environment and resources, the development of the new energy vehicle industry is actually energy saving and emission reduction, which is an important component of the development of low-carbon economy. The development of the new energy vehicle industry is very beneficial to both the automobile industry and the national energy saving policy.

    In the next 5 to 10 years, the global new energy vehicles are expected to enter the large-scale industrialization stage, and will drive the vigorous development of the whole related industrial chain. The overall development of new energy vehicles will follow the two major trends of energy saving (reducing total energy consumption) and environmental protection (reducing pollutant emissions, and gradually realize the replacement of traditional fossil energy sources. If new energy vehicles develop rapidly, with 140 million vehicles in 2020, it can save 32.29 million t of oil, replace 31.1 million t of oil, and save 63.39 million t of oil, which is equivalent to reducing the demand for automobile oil by 22.7%.Under the incentive and guidance of the policy, the world's major automobile manufacturers have accelerated the industrialization of new energy vehicles. At present, the "low emission" hybrid electric vehicles have entered the stage of large-scale industrialization, and the global cumulative sales volume has exceeded 1 million units, occupying a dominant position in the current new energy vehicle market."Zero emissions" mass production of pure electric vehicles has been advanced to 2015,10~15 years earlier than the original forecast, around 2012 will usher in the industrialization of new energy vehicles, the next 10 ~ 20 years will be the key period of new energy automobile industry pattern formation, new energy vehicles will become a new growth point of economic development.

European countries, the United States and Japan encourage the development of new energy vehicles.

The United States, Japan, Europe and other developed countries attaches great importance to new energy automobile technology, from the strategy of automobile technology change and industrial upgrading, enacted the preferential policies and measures, actively promote the development of the new energy automobile industry, in order to enhance the international competitiveness of the auto industry, in the global auto industry in a new round of competition. According to incomplete statistics, before the outbreak of the international financial crisis, the annual funds for the research and development and industrialization development of new energy vehicles were not less than 1 billion US dollars, and the cumulative investment has reached more than 10 billion US dollars. This is enough to show the importance of countries to new energy vehicles

(1) The United States

    At present, the development of international vehicle alternative fuels is mainly non-fossil fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel. As the first large-scale biomass fuel, ethanol has been promoted to some countries to a certain extent. The United States has been committed to increasing the use of renewable resources such as ethanol and biodiesel. From 2003 to 2007, the consumption of ethanol and gasoline grew at a compound annual growth rate of 27%. In September 2006, the United States passed the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) Program, which aims to increase the amount of renewable vehicle fuel used in the United States from about 4.5 billion gallons in 2006 to at least 7.5 billion gallons in 2012, equivalent to 3.71 percent of the U. S. vehicle gasoline demand.

    At the same time, the US government also encourages the use of other new energy vehicles, such as hybrid vehicles. Hybrid electric vehicles in the United States entered the commercialization phase around 2004, and in early May 2007, the Internal Revenue Bureau (IRS) adjusted its tax incentives for environmentally friendly vehicles. Consumers can provide for tax credits ranging from $250 to $2,600 for eligible hybrids made by GM, Ford, Toyota, Nissan and others.

Promoting the development of new energy vehicles is an integral part of the Obama administration's energy policy. The United States always " unified Obama hopes that the United States can get rid of its over-dependence on overseas oil through the development and utilization of new energy. After President Obama took office, the United States through further strict auto fuel emission standards and new energy vehicles policy, and through the government procurement of energy-saving vehicles, consumers buy energy-saving car tax cuts, set up a new energy vehicles government-funded projects, investment to promote new energy vehicles infrastructure construction strategy, the U. S. government to further promote automobile products toward the direction of "miniaturization" and "low energy consumption".Mr Obama has used plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) as a trump card to stimulate the economy and save the auto industry. Under his initiative, the federal government has introduced a series of strong measures to advance the charge-in hybrid vehicle program in just a few months, spending $14 billion to support the development and production of power batteries and key components, the construction of charging infrastructure, consumer subsidies and government procurement.To encourage consumption, car owners who buy a plug-in hybrid can receive a $7,500 tax deduction. The government has also invested $400 million to support infrastructure construction such as charging stations. Battery-pack technology that drives hybrids is the key to a breakthrough. During a visit to an electric vehicle testing center in California, Obama announced that the U. S. Department of Energy would set up a $2 billion government-funded program to support the development of battery packs and components for a new generation of electric vehicles. To that end, the U. S. Department of Energy's National Laboratory and the Battery Manufacturing Alliance have established a R & D and manufacturing center in Kentucky, with the goal of providing high-performance hammer battery packs for rechargeable hybrids. These new energy policies have further clarified the direction and goals for the research and development of new products for energy conservation and emission reduction.

(2) Japan

Japan is extremely poor in energy resources, importing most of its energy. According to the International Energy Agency, its energy self-sufficiency rate was only 17.7% in 2008. At a lower level compared with other developed countries. Japan is also a major economic power and energy consumer in the world. How to ensure the security of national energy supply under the existing resources is an important challenge faced by the Japanese government. To this end, Japan enacted a series of energy related policies and regulations, on the one hand, actively promote the development and utilization of new energy such as solar energy, on the other hand attaches great importance to energy saving technology and application, strive to "open source" and "throttling" double tube, both meet the domestic energy demand, and to a certain extent, reduce the foreign dependence.In recent years, the Japanese government has successively issued a series of policies and regulations, such as the Law on Special Measures to Promote the Utilization of New Energy, the Special Measures for Power Enterprises to Use New Energy for Power Generation, and the Renewable Energy Quota System Law, which define the development goals and responsibilities of new energy in Japan. In accordance with relevant policies and regulations, relevant parties have taken a variety of effective measures to actively develop clean energy sources such as solar energy, and have achieved significant results. Japan attaches great importance to the development of new energy vehicles. In May 2006, the Japanese government formulated a "new National Energy Strategy", which proposed to further reduce the current oil dependence of nearly 50% to 40% by 2030. Japanese hybrid cars have been industrialized. At present, Toyota, Honda, Nissan and other Japanese manufacturers are not only popular in China, but also make manufacturers in other countries in the international market.

Japan attaches great importance to the development of technologies such as fuel cells and biofuels. Japan plans to spend 209 billion yen in five years to develop liquid synthetic fuel technology using natural gas, vehicle batteries, and hydrogen fuel cell technology. In 2007, it popularized biofuels, and plans to produce 50 million L of biofuels in a single year in 2011. In December 2008, the Japanese government said that it will join the American land (BetterPlace) company, subaru, mitsubishi and other Japanese auto manufacturers in electric vehicle test project by the environment ministry "new generation car introduction promotion business", the main purpose of the project is to test the feasibility of electric vehicles and their battery replacement station.

In order to promote new energy vehicles and environmentally friendly vehicles, Japan has implemented a "green tax system" since April 1,2009. It is applicable to pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, clean diesel vehicles, natural gas vehicles and recognized vehicles with recognized low emissions and low fuel consumption. The first three categories of cars are defined as the "next generation of cars" by the Japanese government, and they enjoy a variety of tax exemptions. For example, the hybrid Prius (Prius) offers a 100% weight tax and acquisition tax for new cars, and a 50% automatic car tax reduction for individual vehicles, followed by a subsidy. Among Toyota models sold in Japan, five hybrid new energy vehicles can enjoy such discounts.

(3) The European Union

In 2003, the European Union published the Future Hydrogen Vision in Europe and formulated the EU Hydrogen Development Roadmap. All of these measures have strongly promoted the research and development and industrialization of electric vehicles in these countries, and enhanced the technological competitiveness of their own automobile industry. Europe has the fastest growth in clean diesel passenger cars, thanks to European carmakers in diesel engines.

Germany's oil tax law on alternative fuel implemented some preferential tax policies, by 2010, the annual tax subsidies will reach 3 billion euros, by 2020 will reach 5 billion euros, in early 2009 the German government through 50 billion euro stimulus plan, a large part for electric car research and development, "car charging station" network construction and can (1) the renewable energy development, The Swedish government will offer a discount of 10,000 francs to consumers of clean cars, with plans to allocate 50 million francs in 2007, l francs in 2008 and  (2) francs in 2009,In the commercial vehicle sector, the government plans to subsidize 7 million to 44 million (3) euros to encourage users to buy vehicles that meet the European V standard or the more stringent enhanced environmentally friendly vehicle standard (EEV)

The Chinese government supports the development of the new energy vehicle industry

The domestic and foreign automobile industry has reached a consensus that the development of new energy vehicles is no longer a question of whether, but to the level of how to implement. Accelerating the development of China's new energy vehicles is not only an inevitable choice to realize the sustained, rapid and healthy development of China's automobile industry, but also an important opportunity for China's automobile industry to catch up with the international level and realize leapfrog development. It is predicted that around 2012 will usher in the industrialization of new energy vehicles, the next 10-20 years will be a key period for the formation of energy saving and new energy vehicle industry pattern, new energy vehicles will become a new growth point to drive economic development.

Only by respecting rivals can we defeat rivals. If China wants to achieve the goal of overtaking in new energy vehicles, it needs to make more efforts in the research and development and support of new energy vehicles. The sooner we pay attention to the research and development of new energy vehicles, the earlier we will grasp the first opportunity and initiative of the future automobile market in China

China's new energy vehicle industry has got off to a good start

China's new energy vehicle industry began in the early 21st century. The direct driving force of the industrialization development of new energy vehicles is the relevant national support policies. In 2001, China launched the "863" plan electric vehicle major projects, involving electric vehicles include three categories: pure electric, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles, and the three electric vehicles for "three vertical", more energy powertrain control, drive motor, power battery for "three horizontal", establish the "three vertical three horizontal" start. This basically keeps up with the global pace, generally stand in the world on the same starting line. This is the first time in the history of Chinese cars.

Since 2004, the development of the new energy vehicle industry and technology has been emphasized many times in the national long-term planning and energy policies. In 2004, the National Development and Reform Commission of the "Automobile Industry Development Policy" mentioned:to highlight the development of energy-saving, environmental protection, sustainable development of the automobile.